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1899 Ceram earthquake
On the 30th September, 1899, the island of Ceram, Dutch Indies, was struck by an Ms = 7.8 earthquake, which was accompanied by a 10m tsunami.〔Zac Yung-Chun Liu; Harris, Ron A., 'Discovery of possible mega-thrust earthquake along the Ceram Trough from records of 1629 tsunami in eastern Indonesian region' in Nat Hazards (2014) 72, p. 1324. URL: http://download.springer.com/static/pdf/683/art%253A10.1007%252Fs11069-013-0597-y.pdf?auth66=1413281306_b793e2423b3bc6d073cf7bd8d5b6c51f&ext=.pdf〕 According to the Batavian Magnetic and Meteorological Observatory the shock occurred at 01:42.2 hours, Amahei local time.〔Dr. R. D. M. Verbeek, Kort verslag over de aard- en zeebeving op Ceram, den 30sten september 1899 (Batavia Landsdrukkerij, 1900) p. 1-11.〕 Dr. R. D. M. Verbeeks study about the quake and its effects was published in his ''Short Report about the earth- and sea-quake in Ceram, the 30th September 1899'', and is the only extensive source on the Ceram earthquake.
== Earthquake and tsunamis ==
The Ceram earthquake is ranked among the tectonic quakes. The epicenter of the quake is shown in Figure 1.〔 From there the quake spread in all directions. The most forceful spread went West and East, presumably through an old crack or tear in the earths crust.〔
The 1899 Ceram earthquake had nothing to do with the 1898 Ambon earthquake. The first-mentioned took place along one of the many concentric cracks, the latter one took place along a radial crack.〔 The earthquake was especially heavy in the Elpaputih-bay. Presumably because, as calculations suggest, the epicenter of the shock was located in the mountains west of the bay. These calculations were confirmed by visual inspection of the mountain rocks, which showed signs of fracture and breaking due to the quake.〔 The earthquake itself would not have been responsible for a lot of damage, were it not that the several parts of the shore broke off due to the quake and fell in to the sea, creating a severe tsunami that flooded the shores and the nearby located villages.〔
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